King Mswati III the absolute monarch of Swaziland /
Eswatini dissolved
parliament on Wednesday (20 June 2018) ahead of the national
election amid doubts that the Elections and Boundaries Commission (EBC) was
competent to organise it.
Earlier in the week the King ordered voter
registration to be extended for 11 days beyond the deadline even
though the EBC
claimed 87 percent of people entitled to vote had registered.
In both cases the EBC was heavily criticised for its
organisation. Registration kits were late arriving, personnel were poorly
trained, equipment failed, planning in general was poor and there were disputes
over constituency boundaries. In 2013 problems continued throughout the primary
and secondary elections and after results were announced.
During the present registration period the EBC issued
contradictory figures for the numbers registering. Eventually,
it reported 526,073 out of what it said was a possible 600,000
voters had registered. In 2013 when registration closed it said 411,084 had
registered later revising that figure to 414,704.
The EBC did not issue its formal
report on the 2013 election until 2017. It still has not publicly
revealed the full results of that election. It named the winners in each
constituency but the votes given to losing candidates has not been published.
In the report the EBC recognised some of its own
shortcomings and called for a five-year strategy and action plan be developed
‘to guide the Commission from one election to another to ensure a successful
and well prepared election’. The report said, ‘A research and evaluation
department needs to be established for the Commission to make informed
decisions on elections. There is an urgent need for the restructuring of the
Commission’s Secretariat to meet international standards.’
It added, ‘Education and training of election staff is
a major priority.’ It also called for more funding and said, ‘communication
internally and externally within the organization needs to be improved’.
The problems at the EBC were first identified when it
was formed in 2008. The Commission consists of five members and its chair is
Chief Gija Dlamini, a half-brother of King Mswati. It is supported by a
secretariat of 21 people. The commissioners according to the Swaziland
Constitution needed the qualifications of a judge of the superior
courts or to be persons of ‘high moral character, proven integrity, relevant
experience and demonstrable competence in the conduct of public affairs’. Chief
Gija had been employed as an engineer for 20 years at the Swaziland Water
Services Commission and only one of the commissioners had a legal background.
In a report on its observation of the conduct of the
2008 election the EISA (Electoral Institute of Southern Africa) made a scathing
critique of the EBC and its relationship to the King. It stated, ‘Almost all
the stakeholders regarded the members of the EBC as royal appointees.
Stakeholders did not regard the EBC as independent and believed that the EBC
operated under the instruction of the King. Stakeholders also expressed the
view that the EBC was not representative of society as a whole, but was drawn
exclusively from government officials or members of the aristocracy.’
EISA added, ‘Most stakeholders were of the view that
the EBC was lacking in transparency and secretive in its operations. They felt
that even information that should indisputably have been in the public domain,
such as the election timetable, was given out piecemeal and very late in the
day.’
The Swaziland Coalition of Concerned Civic
Organisations (SCCCO) said the way in which the members were selected ‘shows
the executive’s complete disregard for the principles of parliamentary
supremacy’.
SCCCO noted ‘with extreme concern the utter disregard
for both the spirit and the nature of the Swazi constitution in the appointment
of members of the EBC’. The Times Sunday in 2008 quoted SCCCO saying,
‘We will not stand idly by and watch our votes be rendered useless by a system
that regards Parliament and elections as mere window-dressing to appease other
states and give the impression of democracy to satisfy international donors.’
SCCCO challenged the legality of the EBC and lack of
qualifications of members of its board in the High Court. The court on a
two-to-one majority in March 2009 dismissed
the case on a legal technicality and did not rule on the matter.
The election takes place on 21 September 2018.
Political parties are banned from taking part and the King chooses the Prime
Minister and government. International
observers have stated that elections in Swaziland are not
democratic.
See also
ELECTION
WILL ENTRENCH KING’S POWER
https://swazimedia.blogspot.com/2018/06/election-will-entrench-kings-power.html
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